Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Маrkеt Ву Туре (Heavy gauge foil, Medium gauge foil, Light gauge foil), Ву Аррlісаtіоn (Pharmaceutical packaging, Cigarette packaging, Food packaging), Ву Rеgіоn, By Key Players and Forecast to 2031


Report ID
25775
Published Date
15-Dec-2021
Delivery Format
PDF
No of Report Page
50
Editor's Rating
US $3999
US $5999
US $6999

The Report named “Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Market” serves crucial perceptions into global Aluminum Foil Packaging industry along with newfangled industry details, currently dominating players in Aluminum Foil Packaging, chapter wise analysis of each section and looming industry trends, which will guide the readers to target Aluminum Foil Packaging market product Specifications and clients driving the long-term market revenue and profitability.

The Scope of the Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Report:

This report mainly focuses on Aluminum Foil Packaging industry in the global market. This report primarily covers Aluminum Foil Packaging market in North America, Aluminum Foil Packaging market in Europe, Aluminum Foil Packaging market in Middle East and Africa, Aluminum Foil Packaging Market in Latin America and Asia Pacific. This report segregates the Aluminum Foil Packaging market based on Type, Competitive Players, Regions and Application.

Aluminum Foil Packaging Market: Key Players/Manufacturers Analysis

Alcoa
Hydro
Rio Tinto Group
Novelis
UACJ
RUSAL
Assan Aluminyum
Aleris
Kobelco
Lotte Aluminium
Norandal
GARMCO
Symetal
Hindalco
Alibérico Packaging
ACM Carcano
Votorantim Group
Xiashun Holdings
SNTO
Shenhuo Aluminium Foil
LOFTEN
Nanshan Light Alloy
Zhenjiang Dingsheng Aluminum
CHINALCO
Kunshan Aluminium
Henan Zhongfu Industrial
Huaxi Aluminum
Northeast Light Alloy
Haoxin Aluminum Foil
Zhejiang Zhongjin Aluminium

Aluminum Foil Packaging Market: Type Analysis

Heavy gauge foil
Medium gauge foil
Light gauge foil

Aluminum Foil Packaging Market: Applications Analysis

Pharmaceutical packaging
Cigarette packaging
Food packaging

Aluminum Foil Packaging Market: Regional/Counties Analysis

The market is spread across the globe which not only includes Aluminum Foil Packaging market in Europe (Germany, France, Italy, Russia, and UK), Aluminum Foil Packaging market in North America (Canada, USA, and Mexico) but also Aluminum Foil Packaging market in Asia-Pacific(China, India, Korea and Japan). Now Aluminum Foil Packaging industry is also spread in the Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa)and Rest of the World. Use of advanced technology is constraining the Aluminum Foil Packaging global market in North America. Europe will show a enormous elevation in the growth of global for Aluminum Foil Packaging industry due to increased use of Aluminum Foil Packaging in various fields. Asia Pacific countries such as China and India will show enormous growth in the Aluminum Foil Packaging global market due to rise in job opportunities.

Global Aluminum Foil Packaging market report also includes Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Business Overview. It also includes Aluminum Foil Packaging Market by Applications and Type, Aluminum Foil Packaging Revenue, Sales and Price and Aluminum Foil Packaging Business Share. This report of Aluminum Foil Packaging Market research also consists Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Competition, by Aluminum Foil Packaging market revenue of regions, sales and by Aluminum Foil Packaging industry Competative Players, (2015-2020).

Report on (2021 Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Report) mainly covers 15 Section and keenly display’s the global Aluminum Foil Packaging market:

Chapter 1 describes Aluminum Foil Packaging Introduction, product scope, Aluminum Foil Packaging market overview, market opportunities, market driving force, market risk;

Chapter 2 analyzes the top competitive players of global Aluminum Foil Packaging, with revenue, Aluminum Foil Packaging industry sales, and price of Aluminum Foil Packaging, in 2019 and 2020;

Chapter 3 displays the competitive situation of Aluminum Foil Packaging among the top competitive players, with sales, revenue and market share in Aluminum Foil Packaging Market in 2019 and 2020;

Chapter 4 shows the global Aluminum Foil Packaging market by regions, with market sales, revenue and share of Aluminum Foil Packaging, for each region, from 2016 to 2020;

Chapter 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 analyzes the critical regions, with revenue, sales, and market share of Aluminum Foil Packaging market by key countries in these regions;

Chapter 10 and 11 shows the worldwide Aluminum Foil Packaging market by type and application, with sales channel, Aluminum Foil Packaging market share and growth rate by type, Aluminum Foil Packaging industry application, from 2016 to 2020;

Chapter 12 includes global Aluminum Foil Packaging market forecast, by regions, type and application, Aluminum Foil Packaging with sales and revenue, from 2021 to 2031;

Chapter 13, 14 and 15 describes Aluminum Foil Packaging distributors, dealers, Aluminum Foil Packaging traders, sales channel, research findings and conclusion, appendix and data source.

Do Inquiry Before Accessing Report Here https://market.us/report/aluminum-foil-packaging-market/#inquiry

Table of Contents

1 Market Overview
1.1 Aluminum Foil Packaging Introduction
1.2 Market Analysis by Type
1.2.1 Heavy gauge foil
1.2.2 Medium gauge foil
1.2.3 Light gauge foil
1.2.4
1.3 Market Analysis by Applications
1.3.1 Pharmaceutical packaging
1.3.2 Cigarette packaging
1.3.3 Food packaging
1.3.4
1.4 Market Analysis by Regions
1.4.1 North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
1.4.1.1 United States Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.1.2 Canada Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.1.3 Mexico Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.2 Europe (Germany, France, UK, Russia and Italy)
1.4.2.1 Germany Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.2.2 France Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.2.3 UK Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.2.4 Russia Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.2.5 Italy Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.3 Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India and Southeast Asia)
1.4.3.1 China Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.3.2 Japan Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.3.3 Korea Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.3.4 India Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.3.5 Southeast Asia Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.4 South America, Middle East and Africa
1.4.4.1 Brazil Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.4.2 Egypt Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.4.3 Saudi Arabia Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.4.4 South Africa Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.4.4.5 Nigeria Market States and Outlook (2015-2031)
1.5 Market Dynamics
1.5.1 Market Opportunities
1.5.2 Market Risk
1.5.3 Market Driving Force
2 Manufacturers Profiles
2.1 Alcoa
2.1.1 Business Overview
2.1.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.1.2.1 Product A
2.1.2.2 Product B
2.1.3 Alcoa Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.2 Hydro
2.2.1 Business Overview
2.2.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.2.2.1 Product A
2.2.2.2 Product B
2.2.3 Hydro Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.3 Rio Tinto Group
2.3.1 Business Overview
2.3.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.3.2.1 Product A
2.3.2.2 Product B
2.3.3 Rio Tinto Group Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.4 Novelis
2.4.1 Business Overview
2.4.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.4.2.1 Product A
2.4.2.2 Product B
2.4.3 Novelis Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.5 UACJ
2.5.1 Business Overview
2.5.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.5.2.1 Product A
2.5.2.2 Product B
2.5.3 UACJ Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.6 RUSAL
2.6.1 Business Overview
2.6.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.6.2.1 Product A
2.6.2.2 Product B
2.6.3 RUSAL Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.7 Assan Aluminyum
2.7.1 Business Overview
2.7.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.7.2.1 Product A
2.7.2.2 Product B
2.7.3 Assan Aluminyum Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.8 Aleris
2.8.1 Business Overview
2.8.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.8.2.1 Product A
2.8.2.2 Product B
2.8.3 Aleris Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.9 Kobelco
2.9.1 Business Overview
2.9.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.9.2.1 Product A
2.9.2.2 Product B
2.9.3 Kobelco Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.10 Lotte Aluminium
2.10.1 Business Overview
2.10.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.10.2.1 Product A
2.10.2.2 Product B
2.10.3 Lotte Aluminium Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.11 Norandal
2.11.1 Business Overview
2.11.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.11.2.1 Product A
2.11.2.2 Product B
2.11.3 Norandal Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.12 GARMCO
2.12.1 Business Overview
2.12.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.12.2.1 Product A
2.12.2.2 Product B
2.12.3 GARMCO Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.13 Symetal
2.13.1 Business Overview
2.13.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.13.2.1 Product A
2.13.2.2 Product B
2.13.3 Symetal Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.14 Hindalco
2.14.1 Business Overview
2.14.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.14.2.1 Product A
2.14.2.2 Product B
2.14.3 Hindalco Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.15 Alib?rico Packaging
2.15.1 Business Overview
2.15.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.15.2.1 Product A
2.15.2.2 Product B
2.15.3 Alib?rico Packaging Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.16 ACM Carcano
2.16.1 Business Overview
2.16.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.16.2.1 Product A
2.16.2.2 Product B
2.16.3 ACM Carcano Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.17 Votorantim Group
2.17.1 Business Overview
2.17.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.17.2.1 Product A
2.17.2.2 Product B
2.17.3 Votorantim Group Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.18 Xiashun Holdings
2.18.1 Business Overview
2.18.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.18.2.1 Product A
2.18.2.2 Product B
2.18.3 Xiashun Holdings Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.19 SNTO
2.19.1 Business Overview
2.19.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.19.2.1 Product A
2.19.2.2 Product B
2.19.3 SNTO Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.20 Shenhuo Aluminium Foil
2.20.1 Business Overview
2.20.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.20.2.1 Product A
2.20.2.2 Product B
2.20.3 Shenhuo Aluminium Foil Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.21 LOFTEN
2.21.1 Business Overview
2.2.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.21.2.1 Product A
2.21.2.2 Product B
2.21.3 LOFTEN Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.22 Nanshan Light Alloy
2.22.1 Business Overview
2.22.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.22.2.1 Product A
2.22.2.2 Product B
2.22.3 Nanshan Light Alloy Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.23 Zhenjiang Dingsheng Aluminum
2.23.1 Business Overview
2.23.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.23.2.1 Product A
2.23.2.2 Product B
2.23.3 Zhenjiang Dingsheng Aluminum Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.24 CHINALCO
2.24.1 Business Overview
2.24.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.24.2.1 Product A
2.24.2.2 Product B
2.24.3 CHINALCO Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.25 Kunshan Aluminium
2.25.1 Business Overview
2.25.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.25.2.1 Product A
2.25.2.2 Product B
2.25.3 Kunshan Aluminium Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.26 Henan Zhongfu Industrial
2.26.1 Business Overview
2.26.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.26.2.1 Product A
2.26.2.2 Product B
2.26.3 Henan Zhongfu Industrial Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.27 Huaxi Aluminum
2.27.1 Business Overview
2.27.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.27.2.1 Product A
2.27.2.2 Product B
2.27.3 Huaxi Aluminum Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.28 Northeast Light Alloy
2.28.1 Business Overview
2.28.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.28.2.1 Product A
2.28.2.2 Product B
2.28.3 Northeast Light Alloy Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.29 Haoxin Aluminum Foil
2.29.1 Business Overview
2.29.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.29.2.1 Product A
2.29.2.2 Product B
2.29.3 Haoxin Aluminum Foil Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
2.30 Zhejiang Zhongjin Aluminium
2.30.1 Business Overview
2.30.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Type and Applications
2.30.2.1 Product A
2.30.2.2 Product B
2.30.3 Zhejiang Zhongjin Aluminium Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2020)
3 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Revenue, Market Share and Competition by Manufacturer (2019-2020)
3.1 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Market Share by Manufacturer (2019-2020)
3.2 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Revenue and Market Share by Manufacturer (2019-2020)
3.3 Market Concentration Rate
3.3.1 Top 3 Aluminum Foil Packaging Manufacturer Market Share in 2021
3.3.2 Top 6 Aluminum Foil Packaging Manufacturer Market Share in 2021
3.4 Market Competition Trend
4 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Analysis by Regions
4.1 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Regions
4.1.1 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
4.1.2 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
4.2 North America Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
4.3 Europe Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
4.4 Asia-Pacific Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
4.5 South America Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
4.6 Middle East and Africa Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
5 North America Aluminum Foil Packaging by Countries
5.1 North America Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries
5.1.1 North America Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
5.1.2 North America Aluminum Foil Packaging Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
5.2 United States Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
5.3 Canada Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
5.4 Mexico Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
6 Europe Aluminum Foil Packaging by Countries
6.1 Europe Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries
6.1.1 Europe Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
6.1.2 Europe Aluminum Foil Packaging Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
6.2 Germany Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
6.3 UK Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
6.4 France Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
6.5 Russia Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
6.6 Italy Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
7 Asia-Pacific Aluminum Foil Packaging by Countries
7.1 Asia-Pacific Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries
7.1.1 Asia-Pacific Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
7.1.2 Asia-Pacific Aluminum Foil Packaging Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
7.2 China Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
7.3 Japan Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
7.4 Korea Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
7.5 India Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
7.6 Southeast Asia Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
8 South America Aluminum Foil Packaging by Countries
8.1 South America Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries
8.1.1 South America Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
8.1.2 South America Aluminum Foil Packaging Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
8.2 Brazil Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
8.3 Argentina Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
8.4 Colombia Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9 Middle East and Africa Aluminum Foil Packaging by Countries
9.1 Middle East and Africa Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries
9.1.1 Middle East and Africa Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
9.1.2 Middle East and Africa Aluminum Foil Packaging Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
9.2 Saudi Arabia Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9.3 UAE Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9.4 Egypt Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9.5 Nigeria Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9.6 South Africa Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
10 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Segment by Type
10.1 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
10.1.1 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
10.1.2 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Revenue and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
10.2 Heavy gauge foil Sales Growth and Price
10.2.1 Global Heavy gauge foil Sales Growth (2015-2020)
10.2.2 Global Heavy gauge foil Price (2015-2020)
10.3 Medium gauge foil Sales Growth and Price
10.3.1 Global Medium gauge foil Sales Growth (2015-2020)
10.3.2 Global Medium gauge foil Price (2015-2020)
10.4 Light gauge foil Sales Growth and Price
10.4.1 Global Light gauge foil Sales Growth (2015-2020)
10.4.2 Global Light gauge foil Price (2015-2020)
10.5 Sales Growth and Price
10.5.1 Global Sales Growth (2015-2020)
10.5.2 Global Price (2015-2020)
11 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Segment by Application
11.1 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
11.2 Pharmaceutical packaging Sales Growth (2015-2020)
11.3 Cigarette packaging Sales Growth (2015-2020)
11.4 Food packaging Sales Growth (2015-2020)
11.5 Sales Growth (2015-2020)
12 Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Forecast (2021-2031)
12.1 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2021-2031)
12.2 Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Forecast by Regions (2021-2031)
12.2.1 North America Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Forecast (2021-2031)
12.2.2 Europe Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Forecast (2021-2031)
12.2.3 Asia-Pacific Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Forecast (2021-2031)
12.2.4 South America Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Forecast (2021-2031)
12.2.5 Middle East and Africa Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Forecast (2021-2031)
12.3 Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Forecast by Type (2021-2031)
12.3.1 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales Forecast by Type (2021-2031)
12.3.2 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Share Forecast by Type (2021-2031)
12.4 Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Forecast by Application (2021-2031)
12.4.1 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Sales Forecast by Application (2021-2031)
12.4.2 Global Aluminum Foil Packaging Market Share Forecast by Application (2021-2031)
13 Sales Channel, Distributors, Traders and Dealers
13.1 Sales Channel
13.1.1 Direct Marketing
13.1.2 Indirect Marketing
13.1.3 Marketing Channel Future Trend
13.2 Distributors, Traders and Dealers
14 Research Findings and Conclusion
15 Appendix
15.1 Methodology
15.2 Data Source